T hjälparcell (Th)

T helper cell [ENGLISH]

The T helper cells (Th cells), also known as CD4+ cells or CD4-positive cells, are a type of T cell that play an important role in the adaptive immune system. They aid the activity of other immune cells by releasing cytokines. They are considered essential in B cell antibody class switching, breaking cross-tolerance in dendritic cells, in the activation and growth of cytotoxic T cells, and in maximizing bactericidal activity of phagocytes such as macrophages and neutrophils. CD4+ cells are mature Th cells that express the surface protein CD4. Genetic variation in regulatory elements expressed by CD4+ cells determines susceptibility to a broad class of autoimmune diseases.

T hjälparcell [SWEDISH]

T-hjälparceller (CD4+) fungerar som "mellanhänder" i det adaptiva immunsystemet. När de aktiverats delar de sig snabbt och utsöndrar små proteiner som kallas cytokiner, som reglerar eller bistår i immunförsvaret. Beroende på vilka cytokinsignaler som uppfattas, differentierar de till TH1, TH2, TH3, TH17, THF, eller en av andra undergrupperna av T-celler, som utsöndrar olika cytokiner.